Journal: PLoS ONE
Article Title: HIV-1 Tat-Mediated Induction of CCL5 in Astrocytes Involves NF-κB, AP-1, C/EBPα and C/EBPγ Transcription Factors and JAK, PI3K/Akt and p38 MAPK Signaling Pathways
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078855
Figure Lengend Snippet: SVGA astrocytes were pretreated with specific 10 µM JAK2 (AG490) (A,B) or 20 µM JAK3 (Janex-1) inhibitors (C, D) or 25 µM JAK1 (E, F) or siRNA to knock down JAK2 and JAK3 (G,H) prior to the transfection with HIV-1 Tat plasmid. The level of CCL5 induction was measured at mRNA (A, C, E, G) and protein levels (B, D, F, H). The values represented for mRNA are expressed relative to the mock-transfected controls. Each experiment was performed in triplicate and each bar in the figure represents the mean ± SE of at least three individual experiments. One-way ANOVA was used to perform the statistical analysis and ** denotes p-value ≤0.01.
Article Snippet: NF-κB inhibitor (SC514), p38 inhibitor (SB203580), JNK inhibitor (SP600125), PI3K inhibitor (LY294002), JAK1 inhibitor (Picetannol), JAK2 inhibitor (AG490) and JAK3 inhibitor (Janex-1) were obtained from Cayman chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).
Techniques: Transfection, Plasmid Preparation